Artwork
Seminolee Indians, Prisoners at Fort Moultrie

Seminolee Indians, Prisoners at Fort Moultrie is an oil painting by the American Folk Art artist George Catlin. It dates from 1865 and is held in the collection of the National Gallery of Art. Created in 1865, this oil painting on card affixed to paperboard depicts a group of Seminole individuals assembled at Fort Moultrie.
About this work
Overview
Created in 1865, this oil painting on card affixed to paperboard depicts a group of Seminole individuals assembled at Fort Moultrie.
Created in 1865, this oil painting on card affixed to paperboard depicts a group of Seminole individuals assembled at Fort Moultrie. Six figures are arranged outdoors, some seated, others standing, their attire rendered in earthy tones of brown, red and green, accented by vivid feathered ornaments. The composition records a moment of captivity, with a rifle, a basket and a solitary child among the gathered persons.
Subject & Meaning
The work records Seminole prisoners held at the South Carolina fort during the post‑Civil War era, offering a visual document of their traditional dress and material culture. By presenting the captives in a calm, observational manner, the artist emphasizes their individuality and cultural markers—such as feathered headdresses and woven baskets—while subtly alluding to the broader context of forced displacement and military confinement.
Technique & Style
Executed in oil on a lightweight support, the painting employs a restrained palette of muted earth colors, punctuated by brighter accents on headgear. The brushwork is precise in rendering textiles and accessories, reflecting a folk‑art sensibility that prioritizes documentary clarity over dramatic flourish. The flat, almost linear arrangement of figures recalls the straightforward narrative style common to 19th‑century American history painting.
History & Provenance
The piece belongs to the oeuvre of George Catlin, an American lawyer‑artist who traveled extensively among Native peoples in the 1830s and later turned to historical subjects. Although primarily known for his portraits of Plains tribes, Catlin produced this later work to record the Seminole experience during the Reconstruction period. The painting has remained in private collections before entering a museum holding focused on American folk and historical art.
Artist & collection
Artist
George Catlin ( KAT-lin; July 26, 1796 – December 23, 1872) was an American lawyer, painter, author, and traveler, who specialized in portraits of Native Americans in the American frontier.












