Artwork

Saints Stephen, Sixtus, and Lawrence

Saints Stephen, Sixtus, and Lawrence, by Albrecht Dürer, ink, 1504
Saints Stephen, Sixtus, and Lawrence, by Albrecht Dürer, ink, 1504

Saints Stephen, Sixtus, and Lawrence is an ink print by the Northern Renaissance artist Albrecht Dürer. It dates from 1504 and is held in the collection of the National Gallery of Art.

About this work

Overview

Albrecht Dürer’s woodcut, dated around 1504, presents three early Christian martyrs—Saint Stephen, Saint Sixtus, and Saint Lawrence—arranged in a solemn, linear composition. Executed on laid paper, the print exemplifies Dürer’s precise handling of line and his interest in rendering fabric and form with a delicate, almost tactile quality.

Subject & Meaning

Each saint is identified by his traditional emblem: Stephen clutches a stone, recalling his death by stoning; Sixtus holds an open book and a broken staff, symbols of his episcopal authority and martyrdom; Lawrence grips a grill, the instrument of his execution by roasting. Together they embody the virtues of faith and sacrifice.

Technique & Style

The image was carved from a single wood block, then inked and pressed onto laid paper, a common support in early 16th‑century printmaking. Dürer’s fine incisions produce soft folds in the robes and subtle shading, creating a sense of depth while maintaining the crispness characteristic of his graphic work.

History & Provenance

Created in the early 1500s, the print belongs to Dürer’s series of religious woodcuts intended for devotional use. It has survived in several impressions, most of which entered European collections during the 19th century, and is now held by major institutions that specialize in Northern Renaissance prints.

Context

The work reflects the period’s renewed interest in hagiographic subjects, aligning with the Catholic Church’s emphasis on martyr narratives. Dürer’s approach combines the detailed observation of his drawings with the reproducibility of print, allowing the image to reach a wider audience than a painted altarpiece.

Legacy

Dürer’s treatment of the three saints influenced subsequent German printmakers, who adopted his careful line work and compositional balance. The print continues to be studied for its technical mastery and its role in the dissemination of religious iconography in the early modern era.

Artist & collection

Portrait of Albrecht Dürer

Artist

Albrecht Dürer

Albrecht Dürer spent his life in Nuremberg, a busy German city where artists traded prints like currency.

This work is in the public domain (CC0). Image source: National Gallery of Art open access. Spotted an error in this record? Tell us.