Artwork
Four Turks Wearing Turbans

Four Turks Wearing Turbans is an ink print by the Baroque artist Stefano Della Bella. It dates from 1637 and is held in the collection of the National Gallery of Art. Created in 1637, this etching presents four men dressed in turbans and loose robes, arranged in two facing pairs.
About this work
Overview
Created in 1637, this etching presents four men dressed in turbans and loose robes, arranged in two facing pairs. Rendered in black line on laid paper, the composition emphasizes the folds of the headgear and the neutral expressions of the figures, inviting close visual study of texture and form.
Subject & Meaning
The work focuses on the attire and demeanor of four individuals identified by their turbans, a distinctive element of Ottoman dress. By positioning the figures in mirrored pairs, the artist highlights the cultural specificity of the costume while maintaining a restrained, observational tone.
Technique & Style
Executed with etching on laid paper, the image relies on fine incised lines and subtle shading to model the turbans’ intricate drapery. The artist’s control of line weight creates a sense of volume, while the light‑colored ground allows the dark marks to stand out sharply, characteristic of mid‑17th‑century Italian printmaking.
History & Provenance
The print is attributed to Stefano della Bella, a Florentine draughtsman active in the 1630s‑1650s, known for his prolific output of etchings and drawings. This particular sheet is a restrike, indicating it was reproduced from the original plate after the artist’s lifetime, a common practice for popular prints of the period.
Context
During the early Baroque era, European artists frequently depicted exotic subjects drawn from travel literature and diplomatic contacts. Della Bella’s interest in military and courtly scenes extended to portrayals of foreign dress, reflecting contemporary curiosity about the Ottoman world.
Artist & collection
Artist
Stefano della Bella (18 May 1610 – 12 July 1664) was an Italian draughtsman and printmaker known for etchings of a great variety of subjects, including military and court scenes, landscapes, and lively genre scenes.


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