Artwork
Untitled

Untitled is an oil drawing by Ellen Gallagher. It dates from 1997 and is held in the collection of the Museum of Modern Art.
About this work
Overview
Created in 1997, this work by Ellen Gallagher combines oil paint, pencil, and modeling clay applied to a torn magazine page. The piece transforms a commercial advertisement into a layered, tactile object. Its mixed-media approach blurs boundaries between drawing, collage, and sculpture, challenging conventional categories of fine art. The Museum of Modern Art holds the work in its collection.
Subject & Meaning
The base image is a 1960s–70s haircare advertisement featuring a Black woman wearing dark glasses and a bold, synthetic wig.
The base image is a 1960s–70s haircare advertisement featuring a Black woman wearing dark glasses and a bold, synthetic wig. Gallagher isolates and disrupts this commercial portrayal, drawing attention to racialized beauty standards. The addition of abstract marks suggests erasure, revision, or personal intervention, inviting reflection on identity, representation, and the commodification of Black femininity.
Technique & Style
Gallagher applies thick, textured dots and circles using modeling clay and oil paint, creating a tactile surface that contrasts sharply with the flat, glossy magazine print. The irregular clusters of blue forms appear both deliberate and spontaneous, introducing a sense of rhythm and disruption. Pencil lines subtly outline or annotate elements, grounding the abstraction in the original image’s structure.
History & Provenance
The work emerged from Gallagher’s early practice of repurposing vintage magazines, particularly those targeting Black audiences. It was created in 1997 and entered The Museum of Modern Art’s collection shortly thereafter. Its inclusion reflects a broader institutional shift toward recognizing artists who interrogate media, race, and materiality in postmodern contexts.
Context
In the 1990s, Gallagher was part of a generation of artists using found media to critique cultural stereotypes. Her work responds to the legacy of Minimalism and Conceptual Art while centering Black experience. By reworking advertisements, she exposes the quiet violence of normalized imagery and reclaims space for alternative narratives within art history.
Legacy
This piece helped establish Gallagher’s reputation for transforming mundane materials into complex commentaries on race and representation. Its influence extends to contemporary artists who use collage and material intervention to deconstruct media narratives. The work remains a touchstone in discussions about the politics of visibility and the materiality of identity in art.
Artist & collection
Artist
Ellen Gallagher is an American artist. Her work has been shown in numerous solo and group exhibitions and is held in the permanent collections of many major museums. Her media include painting, works on paper, film and…
















