Artwork
The Succession of the Popes
The Succession of the Popes is an oil painting by the Flemish Baroque painting artist Peter Paul Rubens. It is held in the collection of the Hermitage Museum.
About this work
Overview
Created circa 1650 by the Flemish painter Peter Paul Rubens, this oil on canvas belongs to the Baroque period and is part of the State Hermitage Museum’s collection. The composition centers on a solemn, long‑haired woman in a white robe seated on a rocky ledge, cradling an infant while four nude children play nearby. An angel hovers above, holding a round mirror, against a softly clouded sky.
Subject & Meaning
The central figure, identified in the title as Rosa, is presented with a child and surrounded by playful youths, suggesting themes of motherhood, succession, and continuity. The angel’s mirror may allude to reflection on authority or legacy, reinforcing the painting’s title that references the line of papal succession.
Technique & Style
Rubens employs the vigorous brushwork typical of his mature Baroque style, with thick impasto in areas that give the figures a palpable weight. The dynamic arrangement of figures, rich coloration, and dramatic lighting create a sense of movement and emotional intensity.
History & Provenance
The work entered the State Hermitage Museum’s holdings in the 19th century, where it remains on display. Its attribution to Rubens has been supported by stylistic analysis and documentation linking the piece to his late output.
Context
During the mid‑17th century Rubens was both an artist and a diplomat, and his religious commissions often blended theological narrative with political symbolism. This painting reflects the broader Counter‑Reformation interest in visualizing ecclesiastical authority and lineage.
Artist & collection
Artist
Sir Peter Paul Rubens ( ROO-bənz; Dutch: ; 28 June 1577 – 30 May 1640) was a Flemish artist and diplomat.
