Artwork

Untitled

Untitled, by Barbara Rossi, ink, 1970
Untitled, by Barbara Rossi, ink, 1970

Untitled is an ink print by Barbara Rossi. It dates from 1970 and is held in the collection of the Museum of Modern Art.

About this work

Overview

As a key figure in the Chicago Imagists, she developed a distinctive visual language that merged surreal distortion with precise draftsmanship.

Created in 1970, this etching and aquatint on paper is one of Barbara Rossi’s early printed works. As a key figure in the Chicago Imagists, she developed a distinctive visual language that merged surreal distortion with precise draftsmanship. The piece reflects her interest in the uncanny and the grotesque, rendered through intricate line work and subtle tonal gradations. It resides in the collection of The Museum of Modern Art, underscoring its significance within postwar American printmaking.

Subject & Meaning

The composition presents a dense, interwoven assembly of human and semi-abstract forms, their features exaggerated and displaced. Oversized noses, mismatched hats, and elongated limbs suggest a psychological rather than literal narrative. The figures appear neither fully human nor entirely symbolic, evoking a dreamlike unease. Their entanglement implies social or emotional entrapment, though no clear story emerges—leaving interpretation open to the viewer’s perception.

Technique & Style

Rossi employed etching for sharp, controlled lines and aquatint to achieve soft, atmospheric washes in pale blues, yellows, and browns. The contrast between fine detailing and blurred tonal areas creates a sense of both clarity and ambiguity. Her hand is evident in the deliberate layering of forms, where bodies merge without clear boundaries. This technical precision supports the surreal, almost hallucinatory quality of the scene.

History & Provenance

Rossi produced this work during a period of intense activity within the Chicago Imagist circle, following her inclusion in the landmark 1969 exhibition at the Hyde Park Art Center. She was actively engaged in printmaking alongside painting and drawing, and this piece emerged from her exploration of figuration outside mainstream abstraction. It entered MoMA’s collection in the decades after its creation, recognized for its contribution to the revival of representational art in the late 20th century.

Context

Emerging in opposition to the dominance of minimalism and conceptual art, the Chicago Imagists embraced figurative, often eccentric imagery drawn from popular culture, folk art, and the subconscious. Rossi’s work aligned with this movement’s rejection of purity in favor of layered, idiosyncratic narratives. Her prints, like this one, stood apart for their psychological intensity and technical refinement, distinguishing her from peers who favored bolder, more cartoonish styles.

Legacy

Rossi’s prints, including this untitled work, influenced later generations of artists interested in the intersection of drawing and printmaking. Her ability to fuse meticulous technique with unsettling subject matter expanded the possibilities of etching as a medium for psychological exploration. Though less publicly prominent than some contemporaries, her contributions remain vital to understanding the diversity of American figurative art in the 1970s.

Artist & collection

Artist

Barbara Rossi

Barbara Rossi (September 20, 1940 – August 24, 2023) was an American artist, one of the original Chicago Imagists, a group that in the 1960s and 1970s turned to representational art.

This work is in the public domain (CC0). Image source: Museum of Modern Art open access. Spotted an error in this record? Tell us.