Artwork

Untitled

Untitled, by Sonja Sekula, watercolor, 1956
Untitled, by Sonja Sekula, watercolor, 1956

Untitled is a watercolor drawing by Sonja Sekula. It dates from 1956 and is held in the collection of the Museum of Modern Art.

About this work

Overview

Though associated with Abstract Expressionism, her approach retained elements of Surrealist automatism, shaped by her time among European exiles in the city.

Created in 1956, this ink and watercolor drawing by Sonja Sekula is part of The Museum of Modern Art’s collection. Executed on paper, it reflects her engagement with the New York avant-garde during the 1950s. Though associated with Abstract Expressionism, her approach retained elements of Surrealist automatism, shaped by her time among European exiles in the city. The work is one of many from a prolific but tragically shortened career.

Subject & Meaning

The composition resists clear narrative, instead assembling fragmented figures, animals, and architectural motifs in a dense, rhythmic field. These elements suggest memories, dreams, or fleeting observations, evoking urban energy and inner psychological states. The lack of hierarchy among forms invites multiple readings, aligning with Surrealist interests in the unconscious while resisting fixed symbolism.

Technique & Style

Sekula layered transparent washes of watercolor over ink lines, allowing colors to bleed and overlap, creating luminous effects. Bold, spontaneous strokes define forms, while areas of intense hue—pink, orange, blue—appear to glow against neutral grounds. The technique emphasizes fluidity and immediacy, with textures suggesting both organic growth and mechanical repetition, merging spontaneity with deliberate control.

History & Provenance

Sekula produced this work during a period of intense creative output in New York, shortly before her death in 1963. Her work remained largely outside the mainstream art market during her lifetime. The Museum of Modern Art acquired it later, recognizing its significance within postwar American drawing practices. Its preservation reflects a gradual reassessment of her contributions to mid-century abstraction.

Context

As an openly lesbian artist in mid-century New York, Sekula navigated a male-dominated art world while maintaining ties to Surrealist circles that had relocated from Europe. Her work intersected with contemporaries like Arshile Gorky and Jackson Pollock, yet retained a personal, intimate scale. The psychological intensity of her drawings reflects both her artistic influences and her lived experience of marginalization and inner turmoil.

Legacy

Though overshadowed in her time, Sekula’s drawings are now recognized for their emotional resonance and technical innovation. Her use of layered watercolor and ink influenced later generations interested in the intersection of abstraction and personal expression. Institutions have increasingly included her in surveys of postwar American art, affirming her place beyond the margins of canonical narratives.

Artist & collection

Artist

Sonja Sekula

Sonja Sekula (8 April 1918 – 25 April 1963) (also known as Sonia Sekula) was an American artist linked with the abstract expressionist movement, notable for her activity as an "out" lesbian in the New York art world during the 1940s and…

This work is in the public domain (CC0). Image source: Museum of Modern Art open access. Spotted an error in this record? Tell us.