Artwork
The Holy Family with the Infant Saint John the Baptist

The Holy Family with the Infant Saint John the Baptist is an oil painting by the Mannerist artist Rosso Fiorentino. It dates from 1521 and is held in the collection of the Walters Art Museum. The painting titled *Holy Family with the Infant Saint John the Baptist* is an oil work on wooden panel dating to around 1521.
About this work
Overview
The painting titled *Holy Family with the Infant Saint John the Baptist* is an oil work on wooden panel dating to around 1521. Executed by the Florentine painter Rosso Fiorentino, it remains incomplete, offering a glimpse into the artist’s process. Today the piece belongs to the collection of the Walters Art Museum in Baltimore.
Subject & Meaning
The composition brings together the Virgin Mary, the infant Christ, and a young John the Baptist, a grouping common in Renaissance devotional art. The figures are arranged in an intimate setting, emphasizing familial bonds and the prophetic connection between Christ and his future baptizer.
Technique & Style
Rendered in oil, the work displays Fiorentino’s early Mannerist tendencies, with elongated forms and a heightened emotional tone. The unfinished areas reveal underdrawings and a looser handling of paint, allowing viewers to observe the artist’s method of building volume and light on the panel.
History & Provenance
Created during Fiorentino’s initial period in Volterra, the painting reflects his relocation from Florence and his adaptation to new patronage. After remaining in private hands for centuries, it entered the Walters Art Museum’s collection, where it has been conserved and displayed as part of the museum’s Renaissance holdings.
Context
The early 1520s marked a transitional phase for Rosso Fiorentino, as he moved toward the more expressive, mannered style that would define his later works. This piece, situated within that formative moment, illustrates his engagement with traditional religious subjects while experimenting with compositional dynamism.
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Artist & collection
Artist
Rosso Fiorentino stood out in the Italian Renaissance for one reason—he was always bent on doing things his own way.














