Artwork

Exodus (L'exode)

Exodus (L'exode), by Théophile Alexandre Steinlen, ink, 1916
Exodus (L'exode), by Théophile Alexandre Steinlen, ink, 1916

Exodus (L'exode) is an ink print by Théophile Alexandre Steinlen. It dates from 1916 and is held in the collection of the National Gallery of Art.

About this work

Overview

Théophile Alexandre Steinlen’s 1916 etching *Exodus (L'exode)* presents a compact, dramatic scene of three cloaked figures trudging through a bleak landscape. Rendered in stark monochrome, the work captures a moment of forced movement under a turbulent sky, suggesting a collective departure or migration.

Subject & Meaning

The three hunched travelers, bundled in heavy coats and low‑brimmed hats, appear to be fleeing an ominous, storm‑filled horizon. Their posture and the jagged ground evoke a sense of vulnerability and displacement, aligning the image with Steinlen’s broader concern for social upheaval and the plight of the marginalized.

Technique & Style

Steinlen employed the etching medium’s capacity for fine, incised lines, using sharp, knife‑like strokes to convey texture and motion. The contrast between the dark, brooding sky and the lighter, roughened terrain heightens the figures’ silhouette, while the scratchy, layered lines create a tactile sense of wind and instability.

History & Provenance

Created during World War I, the print reflects Steinlen’s involvement with anarchist and socialist publications that favored socially engaged imagery. Though originally issued in limited editions for activist circles, *Exodus* later entered museum collections, documenting the artist’s commitment to politically charged visual commentary.

Artist & collection

Portrait of Théophile Alexandre Steinlen

Artist

Théophile Alexandre Steinlen

Théophile Alexandre Steinlen (November 10, 1859 – December 13, 1923), was a Swiss-born French Art Nouveau painter and printmaker. He was politically engaged and collaborated with the anarchist and socialist press.

This work is in the public domain (CC0). Image source: National Gallery of Art open access. Spotted an error in this record? Tell us.