Artwork
Plate 6: Five Catfish and Sturgeon(?)

Plate 6: Five Catfish and Sturgeon(?) is a gouache drawing by the Renaissance artist Joris Hoefnagel. It dates from 1594 and is held in the collection of the National Gallery of Art. Created circa 1594, this watercolor and gold work on parchment depicts a grouping of five fish rendered against a wavy blue backdrop.
About this work
Overview
Created circa 1594, this watercolor and gold work on parchment depicts a grouping of five fish rendered against a wavy blue backdrop. The composition is enclosed within a gilded circular frame, and each specimen is marked with a red numeral, suggesting its role as an illustration in a larger natural‑history volume.
Subject & Meaning
The image presents a variety of large‑mouthed, spiny‑finned fish, some resembling sturgeon and others catfish, arranged in a dynamic swimming pose. By cataloguing the creatures with numbers, the artist emphasizes observation and classification, reflecting the period’s growing interest in documenting the natural world.
Technique & Style
Employing delicate watercolor washes combined with gilded accents, the artist builds subtle tonal layers to suggest scale texture and water movement. The use of parchment as support, together with the gold pigment, signals a continuation of illuminated manuscript practices while moving toward independent still‑life representation.
History & Provenance
The work is attributed to Joris Hoefnagel, a Flemish draftsman noted for his meticulous natural‑history drawings. Hoefnagel, originally trained in commerce, shifted to art and contributed to the evolution of scientific illustration in northern Europe during the late sixteenth century.
Artist & collection
Artist
Joris Hoefnagel or Georg Hoefnagel (1542 – 24 July 1601) was a Flemish painter, printmaker, miniaturist, draftsman and merchant.



















