König Philipp IV. von Spanien (1605-1665) mit seiner Schwester, der Infantin Anna (1601-1666), Bildnis in ganzer Figur

González y Serrano, a pupil of Juan Pantoja de la Cruz, employs a restrained palette and careful modelling of fabrics. The dark red drapery behind the sitters creates a deep spatial backdrop, while the meticulous rendering of lace, ruffles, and jewelry reflects the Italian‑influenced Baroque aesthetic prevalent in early‑17th‑century Spain.

Commissioned during Philip IV’s early reign, the portrait remained in the Spanish royal collection before entering the Viennese museum’s holdings in the 19th century. Its transfer reflects the broader movement of Habsburg artworks across European courts.

The painting belongs to a series of dynastic portraits that reinforced the authority of the Spanish monarchy during a period of political consolidation. By depicting the king with his sister, the work also highlights the role of the Infanta as a diplomatic asset within European marriage alliances.