Artwork
Untitled

Untitled is a gouache drawing by Nancy Spero. It dates from 1972 and is held in the collection of the Museum of Modern Art.
About this work
Overview
Created in 1972, this work by Nancy Spero is a mixed-media drawing composed of layered paper elements, printed text, gouache, metallic paint, ink, and pencil.
Created in 1972, this work by Nancy Spero is a mixed-media drawing composed of layered paper elements, printed text, gouache, metallic paint, ink, and pencil. Its fragmented, collaged surface reflects Spero’s interest in assembling visual and textual fragments to construct layered narratives. The piece resists singular interpretation, instead inviting contemplation through its dense, tactile composition and the interplay of image and word.
Subject & Meaning
The composition features a black bird, a pyramid-like structure covered in minuscule text, and a floating, arm-outstretched figure. These elements suggest themes of surveillance, institutional power, and bodily vulnerability. The obscured words imply the weight of unspoken histories or suppressed voices. Together, they form a symbolic landscape where violence, memory, and resistance coexist without resolution, consistent with Spero’s broader critique of systemic oppression.
Technique & Style
Spero employed cut-and-pasted paper, stamped ink, and gouache to build a textured, multi-layered surface. Metallic paint adds subtle luminosity against matte ink and pencil marks, creating visual tension. The deliberate roughness of torn edges and uneven layering rejects polished finish in favor of raw, immediate expression. This technique aligns with her rejection of traditional hierarchies in art, prioritizing process and materiality as carriers of political meaning.
History & Provenance
This work emerged during a period of intense political activism in the early 1970s, when Spero was deeply involved in feminist and anti-war movements. It was made in New York, where she lived and worked alongside her husband, Leon Golub, though her practice remained distinct in its focus on marginalized voices. The piece is part of a broader body of works from this era that redefined drawing as a site for political testimony.
Context
In the early 1970s, feminist artists in New York were redefining art’s role in public discourse, challenging male-dominated narratives. Spero’s use of text and collage responded to the limitations of traditional painting, embracing accessibility and directness. Her work intersected with contemporaneous movements in conceptual art and mail art, emphasizing the political potential of everyday materials and decentralized forms of communication.
Legacy
Spero’s approach in this work influenced later generations of artists who use collage and text to interrogate power structures. Her integration of language into visual fields expanded the possibilities of drawing as a medium for historical and social critique. Though not widely exhibited during her lifetime, her methods have since become foundational in discussions of feminist and political art practices.
Artist & collection
Artist
Nancy Spero (August 24, 1926 – October 18, 2009) was an American visual artist known for her political and feminist paintings and hand pulled art prints.


















