Artwork

Nandikeshvara, the anthropomorphic form of Nandi and attendant of Shiva.

Nandikeshvara, the anthropomorphic form of Nandi and attendant of Shiva. is a paint painting by the Romanticist artist Unknown. It dates from 1820 and is held in the collection of the Victoria and Albert Museum.

About this work

Overview

Created around 1820, this painted work portrays Nandikeshvara, the mythic attendant of Shiva, in a hybrid form that combines a bull’s head with a human torso. The figure is rendered in vivid hues of gold, red and green, and is set against an unadorned backdrop that concentrates attention on the elaborate costume and dynamic stance.

Subject & Meaning

The four‑armed deity holds a drum and an antelope, objects traditionally linked to Shiva’s worship, while the remaining hands perform the abhaya and varada gestures, signifying protection and the granting of wishes. The calm expression on the bull’s face contrasts with the energetic pose, suggesting a ritual dance or ceremonial performance.

Technique & Style

Executed in a painted medium, the composition relies on bright, patterned clothing and a richly ornamented crown to convey regal status. The artist employs flat areas of color and minimal background detail, a stylistic choice that emphasizes the figure’s ornamental attire and the fluidity of its gestures.

History & Provenance

The work is dated to the early nineteenth century and is attributed to an unidentified painter. No specific patron or collection is recorded, and the inscription at the lower edge, written in an undeciphered script, likely identifies the subject rather than the creator.