Artwork
The Emperor Aulus Vitellius

The Emperor Aulus Vitellius is an ink drawing by the Renaissance artist Paolo Farinati. It dates from 1568 and is held in the collection of the National Gallery of Art.
About this work
Overview
Paolo Farinati, an Italian painter of the late Renaissance, produced a drawing titled *The Emperor Aulus Vitellius* in 1568. Executed on laid paper, the work combines pen and brown ink with washes of brown and gray, accented by white highlights over a black chalk ground. The medium creates a layered tonal effect that emphasizes the figure’s form.
Subject & Meaning
The composition presents a muscular Roman emperor clothed in a draped mantle, his posture suggesting authority. He holds a rolled scroll in one hand and a small object resembling a scepter in the other, while his expression is solemn, with short hair and a faint frown. The inscription at the top, "A. VITELIVS GERMAN. IMP.," identifies the figure as the Roman ruler Vitellius.
Technique & Style
Farinati employs swift, sketchy lines that convey the figure’s pose with immediacy, reminiscent of a study rather than a finished portrait. The use of brown ink and washes creates depth, while the white highlights over black chalk intensify the contrast, revealing muscular definition and shadowed contours typical of Mannerist draftsmanship.
History & Provenance
Created in 1568, the drawing reflects Farinati’s activity across Verona, Mantua, and Venice during the latter half of the sixteenth century. It remains a representative example of his work in drawing, illustrating his engagement with classical subjects and his skill in handling ink and wash techniques.
Artist & collection
Artist
Paolo Farinati (also known as Farinato or Farinato degli Uberti; c. 1524 – c. 1606) was an Italian painter of the Mannerist style, active mainly in his native Verona, but also in Mantua and Venice. He may have ancestors…
















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