Artwork

Pensionnaires de l’Académie allants de Rome à Naples par le procaccio et passants pendant la nuit la forest de fondi (Pensionnaires from the French Academy Going from Rome to Naples by Carriage and Passing through a Forest in Fondi during the Night)

Pensionnaires de l’Académie allants de Rome à Naples par le procaccio et passants pendant la nuit la forest de fondi (Pensionnaires from the French Academy Going from Rome to Naples by Carriage and Passing through a Forest in Fondi during the Night), by Jean-Claude-Richard, Abbé de Saint-Non, ink, 1769
Pensionnaires de l’Académie allants de Rome à Naples par le procaccio et passants pendant la nuit la forest de fondi (Pensionnaires from the French Academy Going from Rome to Naples by Carriage and Passing through a Forest in Fondi during the Night), by Jean-Claude-Richard, Abbé de Saint-Non, ink, 1769

Pensionnaires de l’Académie allants de Rome à Naples par le procaccio et passants pendant la nuit la forest de fondi (Pensionnaires from the French Academy Going from Rome to Naples by Carriage and Passing through a Forest in Fondi during the Night) is an ink print by the Romanticist artist Jean-Claude-Richard, Abbé de Saint-Non. It dates from 1769 and is held in the collection of the National Gallery of Art.

About this work

Overview

Created around 1769 by Jean-Claude-Richard, Abbé de Saint-Non, this print depicts a nocturnal journey between Rome and Naples.

Created around 1769 by Jean-Claude-Richard, Abbé de Saint-Non, this print depicts a nocturnal journey between Rome and Naples. Executed in aquatint and etching on laid paper, it captures a moment of travel through the forest near Fondi. The work belongs to a series documenting the experiences of French Academy students, rendered in muted brown ink to evoke the stillness and solitude of night travel.

Subject & Meaning

The scene portrays pensionnaires—students supported by the French Academy—traveling by carriage under cover of darkness. A solitary figure walks beside the vehicle, suggesting the quiet rhythm of the journey. The forest, dense and looming, frames their passage as a moment of transition, both physical and symbolic, between the cultural centers of Rome and Naples, and the uncertainty of the road ahead.

Technique & Style

Saint-Non employed aquatint to achieve subtle gradations of tone, mimicking the soft shadows of moonlight filtering through trees. Etching defined the carriage, figures, and branches with fine, controlled lines. The limited brown palette enhances the nocturnal atmosphere, avoiding sharp contrasts in favor of atmospheric depth. The technique allows the paper’s texture to subtly influence the surface, reinforcing the tactile quality of the night scene.

History & Provenance

The print was produced during Saint-Non’s time in Italy, where he accompanied French art students and documented their travels. It was later acquired by the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C., as part of its collection of 18th-century European prints. Its survival reflects the interest in academic travel as both cultural practice and artistic subject during the Enlightenment.

Context

In the mid-18th century, the French Academy in Rome sent its pensionnaires on educational journeys to study classical and Renaissance sites. These trips were carefully recorded, often through drawings and prints, to document the experience beyond formal study. Saint-Non’s work captures the less formal, more personal side of this tradition—moments of rest, travel, and solitude amid the landscape.

Legacy

This print contributes to a broader visual record of academic travel in the Grand Tour era. While not widely exhibited, it remains a quiet testament to the daily realities faced by young artists abroad. Its restrained aesthetic and focus on atmosphere influenced later topographical printmakers who sought to convey mood as much as topography.

Artist & collection

This work is in the public domain (CC0). Image source: National Gallery of Art open access. Spotted an error in this record? Tell us.