Page from Tales of a Parrot (Tuti-nama): text page

The page was hand‑written by a skilled calligrapher using black ink applied with a reed pen, producing uniform, tightly spaced letters characteristic of the Nastaʿlīq script. A thin red border, likely added with pigment or ink, frames the text, while occasional ornamental dots and dashes serve both decorative and functional roles, enhancing legibility and aesthetic balance.

Created in the early 17th century within the Persian artistic milieu, the folio has survived as part of a larger codex that circulated among elite patrons. The manuscript eventually entered a Western collection, where it is now conserved as a representative example of Safavid book arts, illustrating the cross‑cultural transmission of Persian literary heritage.