Artwork
Folio B: Folio from the "Five Treasures" (Panj Ganj) of Jami (recto)

Folio B: Folio from the "Five Treasures" (Panj Ganj) of Jami (recto) is an unspecified painting by the Mughal Painting artist Mushfiq. It dates from 1564 and is held in the collection of the Cleveland Museum of Art. Folio B is a painted page from the illustrated manuscript known as the “Five Treasures” (Panj Ganj) attributed to the Persian poet Jami.
About this work
Overview
Folio B is a painted page from the illustrated manuscript known as the “Five Treasures” (Panj Ganj) attributed to the Persian poet Jami. The sheet presents two distinct textual zones: a diagonal inscription along the border and a central block of verse arranged in columns. Both sections are rendered in decorative script and integrated into the illuminated surface of the page.
Subject & Meaning
The marginal text recounts an episode from the biblical story of Joseph, describing how his elder brothers propose to take him into the countryside under the pretense of teaching him the land, while secretly intending his murder. The central verses function as a moral aphorism, urging readers to smile frequently, likening a smile’s sweetness to that of sugar.
Technique & Style
The folio employs traditional Persian miniature techniques, with pigments applied to a prepared paper support and inked calligraphy forming the narrative and didactic elements. The diagonal placement of the border text creates a dynamic visual rhythm, while the central columns are organized in a balanced, symmetrical layout typical of manuscript illumination of the period.
History & Provenance
Created as part of Jami’s five‑volume compilation, the folio eventually entered the collection of the Cleveland Museum of Art, where it is conserved as an example of Persian literary illustration. Its accession reflects the museum’s broader acquisition of Islamic manuscript material from the late medieval era.
Artist & collection
Artist
Mushfiq was a sub-imperial Mughal painter who worked in the atelier of Abd-ur-Rahim Khan-i-Khanan (also called Abdul Rahim Khan-I-Khana), commander-in-chief of the Mughal army in the late 16th/early 17th century.














